There are many varieties of pesticides, each of which has a variety of different dosage forms. Different pesticide dosage forms require different application methods. Appropriate application methods can not only improve the control effect, reduce the cost, but also reduce the pollution to the environment and improve safety. It is important to master the correct method of application of commonly used pesticide formulations, which is briefly described below:
First, emulsifiable oil
It is prepared by dissolving a water-insoluble original drug with a certain amount of an emulsifier and an organic solvent. The emulsifiable oil has strong permeability and good dispersibility, and is diluted with water to become an emulsion. Its application methods are:
1. Spray method. The cream is diluted with water to make the desired concentration, and sprayed evenly onto the crop or other control objects with a sprayer. The amount of application is such that the leaf surface is sufficiently wet and the liquid does not flow from the blade.
2. Soaking method. Dilute the emulsifiable concentrate with water to a certain concentration to soak the seeds. When soaking seeds, place the seeds in a coarse cloth bag or gauze bag, pre-dip in clear water, then drain the water and immerse it in the prepared liquid. When soaking seeds, pay attention to mastering the soaking concentration, soaking temperature and soaking time.
3. Seed dressing method. The agent is evenly mixed with the seed to kill germs and pests on the seed. When mixing the seeds, mix them while spraying. After spraying, continue to flip until the seeds are all wet. Then cover the film for a few hours before planting.
Second, the powder
The pesticide is mixed with clay or clay to pulverize it. The powder is not easily wetted by water and cannot be dispersed and suspended in water, so it is not sprayable on water. Its application methods are:
1. Powder spraying method. Spray the powder evenly on the crop or control object with a duster. The powder can fly in the air, so the spray should be carried out on a sunny day without wind. The early morning and evening winds are the best time for dusting. The powder should be evenly distributed, and the blade should be slightly powdery when touched by hand, but there is no powder layer on the leaf surface. In the seedling stage of crop growth, it is not advisable to use the dusting method.
2. Seed dressing method. A certain amount of powder pesticide is mixed with the seeds in proportion and then sown, and the pathogens and underground pests and seedling diseases attached to the seeds can be controlled.
3. Poisonous soil law. The powder is mixed with fine soil to form toxic soil, and is applied to the ditch (seeding ditch), spread (sowed surface) or mixed with seeds. Soil is required to be applied to the ground.
Third, wettable powder
It is prepared by mixing and pulverizing the water-soluble original drug, the wettable agent and the filler. It can be diluted with water to a certain concentration of emulsion, which is more effective than powder, but worse than emulsion. The application methods are: 1 spray method (same as before); 2 soaking method (same as before); 3 pouring method: adding - quantitative wettable powder to a larger amount of water for pouring.
Fourth, water agent
Also known as water solvent, it is prepared by directly dissolving the water-soluble original drug in water and adding a small amount of surfactant. The water agent is not easy to store, the wettability is poor, the surface of the plant is not easy to adhere, and the water spray is applied when used.
Five, granules
The granule carrier is added to the granule carrier with the original drug, plus a water-soluble coating. Granules have large particle size, fast falling speed, and are less affected by wind. They are suitable for soil treatment and paddy field application. The granules gradually release the agent, which has a long potency and a small dosage. Therefore, it can also be used for the heart of various crops. Apply.
Sixth, smoke agent
It is made up of pesticide raw materials, fuel, oxidant, combustion improver, etc. Its application method is ignition fumigation. Since the smoke will quickly dissipate, it can only be used in closed or tightly closed windless environments such as warehouses, greenhouses and greenhouses.
Casting difference:
Powder Powder is not easily soluble in water. Generally, it can not be sprayed with water. Low-concentration powder is used for powder spraying. High-concentration powder is used for preparation of poisonous soil, poison bait, seed dressing and soil treatment. The powder is easy to use and has high efficacy. It should be used in the morning and evening without wind or breeze.
Wettable powders are highly hygroscopic and can be dispersed and suspended in water after adding water. Can be used for spray, bait and soil treatment.
Soluble powder (water solvent) can be sprayed or poured directly onto water.
Emulsion (also known as oil slick) Emulsion is an emulsion after adding water. It can be used for spraying, pouring, seed dressing, soaking, toxic soil, stalking, dressing, etc.
The ultra-low-volume preparation (oil agent) is a medicine directly used for spraying, and is a special supporting pesticide for ultra-low-volume spraying, and water cannot be added during use. Such as trichlorfon oil, marathon oil and so on.
Granules and microgranules are pesticide formulations made from granules of pesticides and fillers, which are less susceptible to phytotoxicity.
Sustained release agent The slow release of pesticides during use can effectively extend the efficacy period. Therefore, the residual effect period is prolonged and the pollution and toxicity are reduced. The usage is generally the same as granules.
First, emulsifiable oil
It is prepared by dissolving a water-insoluble original drug with a certain amount of an emulsifier and an organic solvent. The emulsifiable oil has strong permeability and good dispersibility, and is diluted with water to become an emulsion. Its application methods are:
1. Spray method. The cream is diluted with water to make the desired concentration, and sprayed evenly onto the crop or other control objects with a sprayer. The amount of application is such that the leaf surface is sufficiently wet and the liquid does not flow from the blade.
2. Soaking method. Dilute the emulsifiable concentrate with water to a certain concentration to soak the seeds. When soaking seeds, place the seeds in a coarse cloth bag or gauze bag, pre-dip in clear water, then drain the water and immerse it in the prepared liquid. When soaking seeds, pay attention to mastering the soaking concentration, soaking temperature and soaking time.
3. Seed dressing method. The agent is evenly mixed with the seed to kill germs and pests on the seed. When mixing the seeds, mix them while spraying. After spraying, continue to flip until the seeds are all wet. Then cover the film for a few hours before planting.
Second, the powder
The pesticide is mixed with clay or clay to pulverize it. The powder is not easily wetted by water and cannot be dispersed and suspended in water, so it is not sprayable on water. Its application methods are:
1. Powder spraying method. Spray the powder evenly on the crop or control object with a duster. The powder can fly in the air, so the spray should be carried out on a sunny day without wind. The early morning and evening winds are the best time for dusting. The powder should be evenly distributed, and the blade should be slightly powdery when touched by hand, but there is no powder layer on the leaf surface. In the seedling stage of crop growth, it is not advisable to use the dusting method.
2. Seed dressing method. A certain amount of powder pesticide is mixed with the seeds in proportion and then sown, and the pathogens and underground pests and seedling diseases attached to the seeds can be controlled.
3. Poisonous soil law. The powder is mixed with fine soil to form toxic soil, and is applied to the ditch (seeding ditch), spread (sowed surface) or mixed with seeds. Soil is required to be applied to the ground.
Third, wettable powder
It is prepared by mixing and pulverizing the water-soluble original drug, the wettable agent and the filler. It can be diluted with water to a certain concentration of emulsion, which is more effective than powder, but worse than emulsion. The application methods are: 1 spray method (same as before); 2 soaking method (same as before); 3 pouring method: adding - quantitative wettable powder to a larger amount of water for pouring.
Fourth, water agent
Also known as water solvent, it is prepared by directly dissolving the water-soluble original drug in water and adding a small amount of surfactant. The water agent is not easy to store, the wettability is poor, the surface of the plant is not easy to adhere, and the water spray is applied when used.
Five, granules
The granule carrier is added to the granule carrier with the original drug, plus a water-soluble coating. Granules have large particle size, fast falling speed, and are less affected by wind. They are suitable for soil treatment and paddy field application. The granules gradually release the agent, which has a long potency and a small dosage. Therefore, it can also be used for the heart of various crops. Apply.
Sixth, smoke agent
It is made up of pesticide raw materials, fuel, oxidant, combustion improver, etc. Its application method is ignition fumigation. Since the smoke will quickly dissipate, it can only be used in closed or tightly closed windless environments such as warehouses, greenhouses and greenhouses.
Casting difference:
Powder Powder is not easily soluble in water. Generally, it can not be sprayed with water. Low-concentration powder is used for powder spraying. High-concentration powder is used for preparation of poisonous soil, poison bait, seed dressing and soil treatment. The powder is easy to use and has high efficacy. It should be used in the morning and evening without wind or breeze.
Wettable powders are highly hygroscopic and can be dispersed and suspended in water after adding water. Can be used for spray, bait and soil treatment.
Soluble powder (water solvent) can be sprayed or poured directly onto water.
Emulsion (also known as oil slick) Emulsion is an emulsion after adding water. It can be used for spraying, pouring, seed dressing, soaking, toxic soil, stalking, dressing, etc.
The ultra-low-volume preparation (oil agent) is a medicine directly used for spraying, and is a special supporting pesticide for ultra-low-volume spraying, and water cannot be added during use. Such as trichlorfon oil, marathon oil and so on.
Granules and microgranules are pesticide formulations made from granules of pesticides and fillers, which are less susceptible to phytotoxicity.
Sustained release agent The slow release of pesticides during use can effectively extend the efficacy period. Therefore, the residual effect period is prolonged and the pollution and toxicity are reduced. The usage is generally the same as granules.
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