Aluminum alloy steel doors and windows knowledge full analysis

[China Aluminum Network] Aluminum alloy door and window profiles are the basic materials for making aluminum alloy doors and windows, and are the main body of aluminum doors and windows. The specifications, dimensions, precision grades, chemical composition, mechanical properties and surface quality of aluminum door and window profiles have important influences on the quality, performance and service life of aluminum doors and windows.

First, the size specifications of aluminum doors and windows profiles Aluminum doors and windows profile size, mainly in profile section height dimensions (used in aluminum alloy doors and windows called the thickness of its doors and windows frame) as a symbol, and constitute the size series. Aluminum door and window profiles are mainly 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 80, 90, 100mm and other size series. The aluminum alloy window has a smaller size series, and the aluminum alloy door has a larger size series. Aluminum doors and windows marked the same size series, not necessarily the same profile and size of the aluminum door and window profiles. The same size series of aluminum alloy door and window profiles, its cross-sectional shape and size is quite complex. Must be based on the specific analysis and treatment. According to the sectional shape, aluminum doors and windows profiles are divided into solid profiles and hollow profiles. The application of hollow profiles is large. The thickness of aluminum door and window profiles is not less than 1.4mm for aluminum alloy windows and not less than 2mm for aluminum alloy doors. The length dimension of the aluminum door and window profile is divided into three types: fixed-length, double-width, and indefinite. The length of the fixed length is generally not more than 6m, and the length of the indefinite length is not less than 1m.

Second, aluminum doors and windows profiles of the chemical composition and mechanical properties of aluminum doors and windows using aluminum-magnesium-silicon aluminum alloy profiles, the chemical composition in addition to aluminum, including silicon, iron, copper, magnesium, manganese, chromium, titanium, zinc and other alloy components. Including 0.45-0.90% of magnesium and 0.2-0.6% of silicon. Mechanical properties of aluminum doors and windows profiles: tensile strength бb not less than 157N/mm2; non-proportional elongation stress бp0.2 not less than 108N/mm2; elongation not less than 8%; hardness HV not less than 58.

III. Production process and equipment of aluminum alloy profiles Production of aluminum door and window profiles through four processes: ingot preparation, extrusion molding, heat treatment and surface treatment (1) Ingot preparation This process includes batching, smelting, casting, and The main processes such as heat, the formation of a certain chemical composition and dimensions of the ingot. The prepared raw materials are smelted in a gas furnace or an electric furnace. After smelting, the melt passes through a static furnace, a flow tank, a flow disk, and a filter until it is in a crystallizer, and is then cooled by water to form an ingot of a certain shape. In order to ensure that the surface of the ingot is smooth, multi-mode (multi-molecule) casting is performed by magnetic or hot-top casting. Ingot soaking is to homogenize the microstructure of the as-cast state and dissolve the main strengthening phase. Soaking is performed in a soaking furnace. The soaking improves the plasticity of the ingot, which is advantageous to increase the extrusion speed, prolong the life of the extrusion die, and improve the surface quality of the extruded profile.

(2) Extrusion Extrusion is performed on an automatic production line consisting of heating, extrusion, cooling, tension straightening, and sawing. The equipment on the production line includes induction furnaces, extruders, outlet tables, discharge conveyors, profile lifting and transfer devices, cooling beds, tension levelers, storage tables, tractors, and sawing machines. Ingot heating temperature is generally controlled at 400 °C ~ 520 °C, the temperature is too high or too low will directly affect the extrusion molding. Extruders generally use a single-acting hydraulic press with a tonnage of between 1,200 tons and 2,500 tons. The size of the extrusion cylinder diameter of the extruder varies with the size of the tonnage of the extruder, the tonnage of the extruder is large, and the diameter of the extrusion cylinder is also large. The barrel diameter is generally in the range of 150mm~300mm. The working temperature of the extrusion tool is 360°C~460°C, and the extrusion speed is 20m/min~80m/min. The extrusion tool mainly includes a mold. The extrusion die is divided into a flat die, a split die, a tongue die, and a split die according to the structural features. Production of aluminum alloy door and window profiles with multi-use flat mold and shunt combination mold. The discharge station receives the extruded profiles from the extruder and transitions the profiles to the discharge station. The discharge table is mostly a bar conveyor type, and the bar speed is synchronized with the extrusion speed. The cooling bed is mostly a walking beam type, and a considerable number of fans are installed below to ensure uniform cooling of the profiles, so that the profile temperature is lower than 70°C before straightening. The tension leveler has a twisted jaw that can be stretched and straightened with torsional correction. After the tension leveler is a storage table, a profile is provided to the table of the sawing machine, and the sawing machine cuts the profile according to the length.

(3) Aluminum-magnesium-silicon aluminum alloys used for heat-treated aluminum door and window profiles are aluminum alloys that can be strengthened. Through different quenching and aging regimes, the profiles are given the necessary mechanical properties. The aluminum door and window profile is the RCS supply state, that is, the heat treatment is rapid cooling after the high temperature forming and artificial aging.

(D) surface treatment of aluminum doors and windows profile surface treatment, mostly anodized, so that the surface of the profile is silver-white. The surface treatment can enhance the aesthetic appearance of the profile and prolong the service life of the aluminum door profile. Anodizing process flow: charging→degreasing→water washing→alkali etching→warm water washing→cold water washing→neutralizing light extraction→washing→anodizing→cold washing→warm washing→sealing→drying→unloading→finished product inspection→packing The thickness of the oxide film after the anodized aluminum window profile is not less than 10μm. The surface treatment of aluminum window profiles can also be colored. Aluminum profiles requiring other colors can be obtained by natural oxidation coloring, electrolytic coloring, and dip coloring.

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