United States
From the macro perspective of the national strategy, the United States has elevated the level of electrification, implemented the main process of energy substitution, and adopted the following measures: First, the introduction of policies to accelerate the process of rural electrification, the Ministry of Agriculture under the Rural Electrification Bureau, responsible for agricultural power project approval, supervision of loans The issuance and use of electricity, formulation and promulgation of rural electricity technical standards and related management systems, and provide technical guidance to rural power supply enterprises. The second is to encourage the development of electric vehicle industry. The U.S. government has invested tens of billions of U.S. dollars to support automakers and related parties in the development of electric vehicle related technologies. Set up a special federal car fleet to purchase electric vehicles and other alternative fuel vehicles. The third is to support the application of heat pump technology. The U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency invested $100 million in 1997 to support the development of ground-source heat pumps.
From the microscopic level of power grid companies, the main process and measures taken by the United States to upgrade electrification levels and implement energy substitution are: First, to strengthen power grid construction. Grid companies have seized the opportunity for rapid growth in electricity usage, increased grid upgrading and new investment, and improved the stability and reliability of electrical energy supply. As a result, electrical energy has become the preferred energy category in the alternative energy sector. The second is the emphasis on brand image design. U.S. power companies attach importance to brand image design as a strategy for corporate marketing development. The third is to promote home electrification. The power company cooperates with home appliance companies to realize remote control and energy efficiency management of household appliances such as air conditioners, refrigerators, washing machines, clothes dryers, dishwashers, disinfecting cabinets, and water heaters, and to improve the user satisfaction of electrical equipment, thereby promoting Home electrification.
Japan
From the macro perspective of national strategy, the main measures for Japan to accelerate the electrification process and implement electricity substitution are: First, to speed up infrastructure construction and subsidize electric vehicle charging stations. The second is to increase environmental supervision. Since fiscal year 2005, the use of almost all fossil fuels (oil, coal, natural gas) has been taxed at a carbon content of 2,400 yen per ton. The third is to give financial subsidies. The purchase of regenerative hot water and heating equipment for large enterprises can be financed by the Japanese Government Investment Bank, and 50% of the loan amount will be given a financial interest subsidy. The subsidy equipment for SMEs may receive discount loans from the SME Finance Bank and the National Finance Corporation.
From the microscopic level of power grid companies, Japan's acceleration of the electrification process, the implementation of the main course of energy substitution, and the measures taken are: First, the introduction of relevant electricity price policies. Promote the thermal storage price and reduce the user's heating costs. Guide consumption during the flood season, and guide the consumption of low prices. The time difference pricing method was used to implement the peak-to-peak electricity price and actively guide customers to use more electricity in the low-hour period. The second is to promote the application of heat pump technology. In 2010, Japan sold nearly a million CO2 heat pump hot water units and more than 5 million ECO CUTE systems. The third is to increase marketing efforts. Japan's power companies attach importance to the investment in marketing, established a customer energy tracking system, analyze the possibility of new users of energy-intensive links, and formulate targeted countermeasures to achieve good results.
EU
From the macro perspective of the national strategy, the EU’s main process of accelerating the electrification process, implementing energy substitution, and the measures taken are: First, establish and improve relevant standards. The EU has always placed a very important position on the construction of standards for energy efficiency and energy equipment quality management. The timely updating of energy efficiency standards, emission standards and new electrical standards has played a positive role in the development of electrical energy replacement work. The second is to increase the social impact of environmental protection. EU countries generally link environmental and social integrity and social responsibility, which allows companies to independently take measures to reduce pollutant emissions, and to a certain extent promote the promotion of electrical energy substitution. The third is to open the electricity market. About 90% of countries in EU countries have opened up the electricity market and implemented an independent pricing mechanism. Most of the remaining countries have also adopted a semi-open state so that power companies can more flexibly use market mechanisms to serve users.
From the micro level of power grid enterprises, the EU’s acceleration of the electrification process, the implementation of the main process of energy substitution, and the measures taken are mainly as follows: First, through the establishment of technical associations, it has widely publicized and promoted energy substitution technologies. The establishment of a technical association as a propaganda and promotion platform for alternative energy technologies, as well as an independent third party organization, can provide relevant technical promotion advice and technical standards for the government. The second is to provide users with more value-added services and increase market share.
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