1 corn substitutes - pearl millet
As the most important tropical food crop, pearl millet has good adaptability to arid and barren acid sand. Under the conditions of poor soil, high temperature, limited rainfall and short growing season, the yield of pearl millet is higher than other cereals. Pearl millet was introduced into China very early, and its nutritional value is high, but for various reasons, until recently it has been used as forage barley or silage. Because pearl millet is particularly drought-tolerant, it has a high production displacement. At the same time, with the decreasing of agricultural water resources in the world, pearl millet has been paid attention to as an important crop for drought-resistant festivals, because corn is the most widely used and most widely used in feed. Therefore, most of the applied research on pearl millet is based on comparison with corn. Its chemical composition is comparable to corn, especially in the content of crude protein is much higher than corn, which is very important for the growth of livestock. From a nutritional point of view, several studies have indicated that the metabolisable energy of non-ruminant pearl millet is about the same as that of corn, but compared with the same weight, the crude protein of pearl millet is 8%-60% higher than corn, lysine. 40% higher with methionine and 30% higher for threonine.
Therefore, replacing corn with pearl millet can reduce the need for high protein feed ingredients and amino acid supplements in livestock feed. Replacing corn with pearl millet can reduce the production cost. At the same time, the planting time of pearl millet is more flexible than corn, has higher production force and stronger drought tolerance, and is more resistant to aflatoxin than corn. Especially in the dry land where agricultural water is relatively scarce, the development of pearl millet will be promising.
2 wheat replacement corn feeding fattening pig
Wheat is widely used as an energy feed, but for some areas that are not suitable for growing corn, corn, which is the main energy substance in pig feed, is supplied externally. Therefore, the shortage of goods and the high price have correspondingly increased the production cost of pigs, which has restricted the healthy development of local pig production and the improvement of economic benefits. Wheat is relatively abundant in supply. Because wheat contains anti-nutritional factors and increases the viscosity of the gluten, it will reduce the digestibility of nutrients in the diet and is therefore rarely used in pig diet formulations. Li Zhanrong et al. added the pig-specific compound enzyme preparation to the diet to eliminate the negative effects of anti-nutritional factors contained in wheat and improve its digestion and utilization rate. Provide a scientific basis for replacing wheat with wheat and reducing feed costs. The results of the experiment indicated that wheat instead of corn as pig diet can increase the daily gain of finishing pigs, and show the trend of increasing feed intake, reducing the ratio of feed to weight and wheat replacing corn for pig feed has good economic benefits. The cost and unit weight gain cost are almost always reduced with the increase of wheat content in the diet. Under the experimental conditions, the best results are obtained by feeding 45% of the grain in the diet.
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