[China Aluminum] In the 21st century, aluminum is a fairly common metal. From the daily use of cans, to the key components of aviation equipment, it is not difficult to find traces of aluminum. But have you ever imagined that nowadays our common aluminum is actually a “specialty for the royal family†a hundred years ago, and it is keeping pace with various rare treasures?
The discovery of aluminum was recognized by the world's German chemist Viller in 1827. In 1825, the Danish scientist Oster published an article saying that he extracted a piece of silver-white metal whose morphology and luster were a bit like tin, but because he was busy with his own electromagnetic research, plus his method of extracting metal aluminum was not Pure, the magazine is not well-known, this experiment did not cause uproar. However, his friend Weller learned of this experiment and was very interested in it. Therefore, based on this experiment, he worked hard and spent two years to finally extract the metal aluminum powder. Later, he began to devote himself to refining a dense block of aluminium. After 18 years of use, he finally succeeded, and used the same method to produce metal tantalum. In 1854, the French chemist Deville mixed bauxite, charcoal, and salt, heated it with chlorine gas to obtain sodium chloride, double salt of aluminum chloride, and then melted with excess sodium to obtain metal aluminum, but sodium was used as The cost of aluminum produced by reducing agents is more expensive than gold. Although the industrial production of aluminum has been achieved, the price has determined that it was only a king of aristocrats.
Because of the value of aluminum, at the time, aluminum was treated as a rare treasure. The French emperor Napoleon III was a man of vanity. He ordered the officials to create an aluminum crown for himself to attend a grand banquet. At the same time, he used a set of aluminum cutlery at the banquet, while other guests could only use the gold silver. Cutlery to highlight their noble. At the 1855 Paris Expo, a small piece of aluminum was exhibited, annotated as: Silver from the rare earth, and placed next to the more precious jewelry. In 1889, the Russian tsar gave him an aluminum trophy in recognition of the achievements of the chemist Mendeleev's invention of the Periodic Table of the Elements.
As we all know, aluminum is a relatively abundant metal in the earth's crust, which accounts for 7.45% of the total mass of the earth's crust. But why was the aluminum product so expensive at the time? Because the chemical properties of aluminum are quite active, the general reducing agents are powerless, so the smelting of aluminum at that time was quite difficult. Later, after more than 100 years of hard work by more than a dozen scientists, it was only for the first time that pure aluminum was produced and aluminum was formally introduced to millions of households.
The reason why aluminum can achieve large-scale production, the invention of electrolytic aluminum technology contributed.
In 1884, a young student named Hall at the Department of Chemistry at Oberlin College in the United States accidentally heard a professor (who happened to be the student of Weller) and said, “Whoever invents The low-cost aluminum smelting method will come out ahead of others.†This made Hall realize that only by inventing a cheap aluminum smelting method can aluminum be brought to households.
Hall used an early discovery that the electric current was passed into the molten metal salt, which allowed the metal ions to be deposited on the cathode to separate the metal ions, and used the molten cryolite as the refined alumina. Solvent, then carbon as the cathode, the current in the porcelain crucible, and successfully electrolysis out a handful of metal aluminum ball, announced the success of the electrolytic aluminum method. Today, these aluminum balls are housed in the exhibition hall of the American Aluminum Corporation. Coincidentally, a scientist from far away in France, Eru, also invented the same method of smelting aluminum later in 1886. Therefore, later generations mention the electrolytic aluminum smelting method and associate Hall with Eru's name.
The invention of the electrolytic aluminum method made it possible for elements containing 8% of aluminum in the earth's crust to be used as materials for many important applications for humankind. The continuous increase in the output of aluminum also caused the price of aluminum to drop rapidly and it has since entered the homes of ordinary people. By the 1960s, aluminum had surpassed copper in the production of non-ferrous metals in the world. At this time, aluminum is no longer a plaything of aristocrats, but its use is gradually widening to include defense, aerospace, and Electricity, communications, household items such as pots and pans are all traces of aluminum, and different aluminum compounds are also playing an important role in medicine, organic synthesis, and petroleum refining.
"In the old days, Wang Xietang was a former Yan and flew into the homes of ordinary people." This poem is appropriate for describing the development of aluminum. With the advancement of science and technology, aluminum will surely generate light and heat for humans in a wider area.
API Cementing Tools PDC Drillable Float Collar and Shoe
Float collar and shoe Features:
1) All inner parts are made of easily drillable aluminum alloy
2) The device can be connected directly to same type casing
3) Reliable back-pressure leak proof structure, enable grout or slurry flow with less resistance
4) Valve seat and valve disk can effectively prevent grout from flowing back
5) Hardness of base material is equivalent to API Spec N-80
6) API spec. Q1 and ISO9000 certification
Ball Float Collar,ApI Cementing Tool,API Ball Floating Collar,Floating Collar
Puyang Junhong Rubber Co., Ltd. , https://www.pyjhxs.com