What is a hydrogen storage alloy?

Due to the limited reserves of oil and coal, and the environmental pollution caused by the use of the process, especially the global oil crisis in the 1970s, hydrogen energy has become a research hotspot as a new clean fuel. In the process of hydrogen energy utilization, hydrogen storage and transportation is an important link. In 1969, Philips Company of the Netherlands developed LaNi5 hydrogen storage alloy, which has a large amount of reversible absorption and release of hydrogen. The density of hydrogen in the alloy hydride LaNi5H6 is equivalent to that of liquid hydrogen, which is about 1000 times of hydrogen density.

A hydrogen storage alloy is an alloy composed of two specific metals, one of which can absorb hydrogen in a large amount to form a stable hydride, and the other metal has a small affinity with hydrogen, but hydrogen easily moves therein. Mg, Ca, Ti, Zr, Y, and La belong to the first metal, and Fe, Co, Ni, Cr, Cu, and Zn belong to the second metal. The former controls the amount of hydrogen stored, and the latter controls the reversibility of hydrogen release. By properly formulating the two, adjusting the hydrogen absorption and desorption properties of the alloy, an ideal hydrogen storage material capable of reversible hydrogen absorption and desorption at room temperature is obtained.

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