“After the release of a red alert signal for power shortage in Guangxi, a local ceramics company official stated that their eight production lines have now ceased production. When the power shortage began, the local government was still protecting ceramic companies and even stopped a lot. Residents in rural areas use electricity for this purpose.†On September 14th, netizens dubbed “Taoyuan†published this microblog on Taobo’s Weibo, revealing to the outside world that Guangxi County’s electricity shortage was local The impact of businesses and residents.
The electricity shortage has caused the high cost of ceramic enterprises. As a matter of fact, as early as July 26th, the ceramics enterprises in the Guangxi Tengxian Industrial Park received official notice from China Southern Power Grid, and from this day onwards, they began strict measures for limiting electricity. The serious shortage of electricity has been aggravated. When the China Southern Power Grid Company announced on August 31 that the entire network power gap was close to 15%, it is expected that the worst power shortages in the five southern provinces in five years will continue to increase, and Guangxi is the One of the five provinces.
When talking about the particularly serious problem of electric power shortage this year, the person in charge of a ceramics company in the Fujita Industrial Park was very anxious: “Since the electricity restriction was started, production capacity was greatly affected and the general production capacity was less than 50%.†Not only that, There are some production lines that were ignited in August and September. Since the power cuts cannot be put into operation as scheduled, there are some companies that originally planned to release new products at the Foshan Tao Fair this fall, and because of power cuts, they will have to delay the release of new products; On the one hand, due to the normal production of enterprises can not guarantee, in order to control costs, most ceramic companies retired the original recruitment of technical personnel and production workers, or spend money to support some of the core technical personnel, causing serious economic losses to the enterprise . The content is from the electricity shortage situation in the Taocheng network production area. East China South China is particularly serious in Guangxi in the past 20 years, the most serious one power shortage incident, not only caused to many ceramic companies incalculable losses, but also to the lives of local residents Bring a great deal of inconvenience, for a time has attracted wide attention from all walks of life. In fact, as early as April of this year, due to the plummeting water conservancy power generation and the high coal price of thermal power, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guizhou, Chongqing and other places were very nervous, and they appeared from many provinces in the east to the central and western regions. Continuous power load gap, among which, Zhejiang's power gap reached 2.71 million kilowatts, and Jiangxi, Chongqing, Hunan and Shaanxi reached 1.4 million, 1.21 million, 1.14 million, and 950,000 kilowatts, respectively, and there was a large area of ​​peak load shifting, peak-to-peak electricity usage, and restrictions. Electricity and so on.
Compared with previous years, this year's electricity shortage has taken a lot of time ahead of schedule, which has also caused the local power supply departments and companies to lack adequate preparation. When the large area of ​​electricity restriction is filled, many companies can get orders but can't start working. Businesses also seem helpless. In Yueyang, Hunan Province, the enterprises in the New Wall Building Materials Industrial Park have been in a state of semi-opening and half-sustaining since the beginning of the large-scale power restriction in early May. Even the local residents' electricity use is limited to four hours a day. In Gao'an, Jiangxi Province, It is ushered in the so-called “the most severe power shortage in historyâ€. According to the introduction of relevant personnel of the Jiangxi Provincial Electric Power Company, the tense situation in Jiangxi's power supply and utilization situation generally occurs during the annual summer or winter electricity peak times, but this year for the first time There was a phenomenon of power shortage in the “off seasonâ€, and the power gap at peak hours even reached 1.3 million kilowatts.
In addition to electricity shortages in places like Jiangxi and Hunan, electricity shortages of varying degrees have also been encountered in economically developed areas such as Guangdong and the southeast coast. In Qingyuan, Zhaoqing, Gaoyao, Foshan and other places, ceramic companies also encountered power cuts. The peak load of electricity in these regions has become the norm. Most companies have equipped their own power generation equipment to ensure production. Needs.
“Yueer bends according to Kyushu, and several families are happy.†In the ceramic production areas of East China and South China, they suffered from electricity shortages, which seriously affected the normal production of enterprises. At the same time, ceramic producing areas such as Jinjiang, Jiajiang, Zibo and Hebi were also Without the impact of electricity shortage, the company's production is normal. Taking Jiajiang as an example, Jiajiang ceramics industry accounts for 90% of the electricity consumption in Jiajiang County. As a pillar industry in Jiajiang, the Jiajiang Government will also give priority to satisfying the electricity needs of ceramic enterprises. In Jinjiang, Fujian, there has been no shortage of electricity in recent years. This is related to the fact that the Jinjiang government attaches great importance to power construction. The manufacturing industry in Jinjiang City is well developed, and the power consumption is increasing at a rate of 13% per year. The power sector has made reasonable power plans to ensure that the power supply and power consumption increase at the same time and meet the electricity demand of enterprises.
Since the beginning of autumn, the situation of power shortage has eased across the country. According to statistics from the National Bureau of Energy on September 15, statistics show that the nationwide electricity consumption in August increased by 9.1% year-on-year, which was further slowed down from 13% in June and 11.8% in July.
The major production areas in the country have gradually gotten rid of the power shortage problem in the recent period and have all been normal production. However, for some time to come, the power situation is still not optimistic, especially in the more developed regions of southern China and eastern China's coastal industries, industrial electricity consumption will remain difficult to avoid.
Multi-factors generate electricity shortage This winter, summer and summer or more power shortages In recent years, China's power supply form has become increasingly severe. This year has been particularly serious. There have been many power shortages ahead of schedule, and the “off-season†phenomenon of electricity shortage is also very common. The power gap is generally large. As a result, the use of electricity at peak load and power cuts frequently occurred, which seriously affected the economic development of our country and the order of life of residents.
The reason why there is such a large area of ​​electric power shortage in the country is that some industry experts pointed out that it is because of insufficient investment in electricity, rapid economic development that causes shortage of electricity, high coal prices, and low water storage and water supply. However, The most important thing is that the inflation that has intensified since the financial crisis eventually spread to the end of the last price of electricity, which is related to the national economy and people's livelihood.
With the continuous development of the economy, the demand for electricity has increased dramatically. It has been difficult to meet the demand for power generation. Taking Jiangxi as an example, from January to April of this year, Jiangxi's entire society used 26.213 billion kWh of electricity, an increase of 23.08% year-on-year, which ranks third in the nation's growth rate; during the same period, the total electricity generated by the grid reached 23.415 billion kWh, a year-on-year increase of 32.48. %. The demand for electricity showed an extraordinary trend and exceeded expectations. Under the circumstances of significant increase in electricity consumption, the power grid was facing difficulties such as lack of coal and water, insufficient available capacity of thermal power generators, and continued power shortages.
Second, over the years, China’s coal prices have long been market-oriented, and electricity prices have been administrative. With the rise in the price of coal, the price of electricity is still in place. As a result, many thermal power companies have fallen into the “more production, more losses†cycle. After the unbearable increase in costs, they started to “repair equipmentâ€. Various reasons and excuse to stop production. The electric power shortage in Shanxi Province this summer is the best example. As a coal-producing province in China, the power generation capacity affected by the “unplanned outage†and obstruction of output of thermal power units exceeded 14 million kilowatts this summer, resulting in the entire Shanxi Province. The power gap exceeds 2 million kilowatts.
In addition, since late April, the temperature has risen significantly, the weather is dry, and the amount of rainfall is small, resulting in a decrease in river water storage capacity and a serious shortage of hydroelectric power generation. Under the influence of many factors, many industry experts and experts predict that the situation of power shortage in China will exist for a long time. The State Grid recently predicted that the maximum electricity load this winter will increase by 10% year-on-year. In the case of tight supply of coal, China will still have a large power gap, among which are North China, East China and Central China, as well as the provincial power grids of Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, Henan, Hunan, Jiangxi and Chongqing. Electricity supply and demand will remain tight.
China Southern Power Grid expects that the electricity gap in the five southern provinces will be around 14 million in the current winter, and the power gap will reach 10 to 15 million kilowatts in the first half of next year.
A number of measures to deal with electricity shortages Macro-control measures Relieve stress In the face of the most serious “electricity shortage†in recent years, production-oriented companies are suffering from power shortages, especially in the ceramic industry, due to the specific nature of their production, ceramic production requirements. Because of its high continuity and stability, most ceramic companies start the kiln firing from the beginning of the year, and it is always in production until the end of the year. The loss of electricity for ceramic companies will be very large.
For most companies, the fact of power shortage can not be changed, and it will not be fully resolved in the short term. How to deal with the power shortage is a practical problem that ceramic companies must face. After all, only some production areas are affected by the electric power shortage, and a considerable number of production areas are not affected by this. Some production areas that are affected by power curtailment will inevitably reduce the sales radius due to the decline in production capacity and weaken competition in products. force.
According to a survey by the reporter, after April of this year, in ceramic production areas such as Jiangxi and Hunan, large-scale suspension of production of ceramics companies due to power restrictions has caused many companies to have a single connection. In order to reduce the impact of power curtailment, many companies have had to purchase diesel generator sets themselves, which has led to the emergence of “a machine hard to achieve†in diesel generators in some regions. Diesel generators "fired", and prices have also risen, rising by almost a hundred dollars or even a thousand dollars. According to a staff member of a Power Equipment Co., Ltd., during the worst period of power shortage, a 30-kilowatt diesel generator was sold at a price of about RMB 18,000 per unit, and the delivery price was RMB 20,000 per unit, which was more expensive than before. A few hundred dollars.
Although some companies can buy generators, the high costs also make it unbearable. On October 15, CCTV Economic Channel’s “China Financial Report†reported that the ceramic industry encountered a shortage of electricity. A person in charge of a Foshan ceramics company stated that the price of electricity per kWh was 0.65 yuan and the cost of using diesel power was The degree is 1.3 yuan. From April 21st to July 14th, in a short period of two and a half months, the company consumed 386,600 kWh of electricity, and diesel consumption reached 83.57 degrees. In fact, an additional expenditure of 470,000 yuan was used.
In this “defending war†of power, companies want to solve their power problems through their own capabilities, which can be described as difficult to add. The most important thing is to rely on the country’s macro-control policies to ease the power shortage caused by the power shortage. pressure. According to CEC data, in the first quarter of this year, the total electricity consumption of the four key industries of chemicals, building materials, iron and steel smelting and non-ferrous metal smelting totaled 351.2 billion kWh, accounting for 32.2% of the total electricity consumption in the society. From this perspective, the growth in demand for electricity, led by high-energy-consuming industries, is undoubtedly one of the important reasons for this power shortage. Therefore, the "Regular Power Management Measures" issued by the National Development and Reform Commission earlier in the day clearly stipulated that, in principle, restrictions will be imposed on non-compliance of projects built or under construction; those that are eliminated or restricted in the directory of industrial structure adjustments; Enterprises with local mandatory energy consumption quota standards; landscape lighting, lighting engineering and other high-energy-consuming, high-emission enterprises and other five types of enterprises use electricity.
As a result, the power grid unit will, under the circumstances of insufficient power supply and emergencies, adopt administrative measures, economic measures, and technical methods to control part of the electricity demand in accordance with the law and achieve the purpose of limiting the high-energy-consuming industries so as to maintain the supply and demand. Stable power management. At the same time, the country is also currently strengthening the transmission of surplus power to areas with power shortages. For example, as of May of this year, Fujian Province has already delivered 2.345 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity to the East China Power Grid, an increase of 66.96% over the same period of last year, which is more than half of the total transport volume of the previous year, in order to ease the current situation of power shortage in East China.
At the same time, since May of this year, the price of industrial electricity in some regions has risen by about two cents per degree, but the civilian electricity price has not changed. Recently, spokesperson Tan Rongji of the State Electricity Regulatory Commission also stated that the electricity situation in the country is tense this winter and next spring. The maximum power shortage is about 26 million kilowatts, and the electricity consumption in the southern and central China regions, which lack both coal and water, is the most severe. In view of the current predicament, Tan Rongji believes that the most critical thing is to promote the reform of electricity prices, and to use the economic leverage of electricity prices, increase the on-grid tariff of coal-fired power plants in some provinces, and improve the peak-to-hour electricity price of electricity.
Promoting the upgrading of industrial structure equipment Saving energy and saving electricity For ceramic companies that consume large amounts of electricity, this year's power shortage is fatal for the development of the company. According to a person in charge of a ceramics company in Foshan, the high-voltage power supply of 250A in the past was limited to 60-80A during the summer power-conservation period. This voltage is only sufficient for the furnace insulation. Therefore, high energy-consuming equipment such as ball mills and polishing machines in the workshop were stopped, but the presses, kilns and other equipment did not dare to stop, and stopping the furnace would have great losses. It is understood that in the most serious period of power shortage, there have been incidents of power cuts, many of the products in the enterprise's kilns have been scrapped, and the highest direct losses have reached several hundred thousand yuan.
Mr. Tang Yonghua, director of polishing workshop of Sanshui production base of Foshan Oushenuo Ceramics Co., Ltd., has more than ten years of professional history in the industry and has accumulated rich production experience. He had calculated the electricity consumption account of a ceramic production line for the reporter. He said that the largest power consumption in the production line was a raw material ball mill, which consumed 35.7 kWh/ton; followed by a polishing machine, which used electricity. The unit consumption is 1.4kwh/square; the electricity consumption of the furnace also reaches 0.69kwh/square, the unit power consumption of the press is 0.46kwh/square, the nanometer anti-pollution line is about 0.2kwh/square, others such as lighting, packaging, etc. The power consumption is relatively small.
Faced with the contradiction between the pressure of power curtailment and the large power demand of ceramic production lines, enterprises themselves have reduced electricity use by strengthening electricity-saving measures. This is an extremely important period. Tang Yonghua stated that during the time of power cuts, the European Shenano mainly relied on improving efficiency to achieve the purpose of reducing energy consumption. In the polishing workshop under his jurisdiction, he replaced the blower with a suction wand to save power. He explained that the average power consumption of a fan is 5.5kw, and four fans are needed on a kiln. If a fan is used, the power consumption of a kiln is increased by 22kw, and the suction wand does not use electricity. This saves energy. A lot of electricity. In addition, the residual heat of the kiln is supplied to the drying kiln for reuse, which is also an energy-saving measure.
Some experts believe that with the continuous increase in the "electricity shortage", the country is likely to increase the price of power grids in the future to increase the production costs of high-energy-consuming industries. As a result, those with high power consumption and low added value will be polished. Brick products will face even greater challenges, while antique bricks, microcrystalline stones and other products with relatively high energy consumption and high added value will have more competitive advantages, and will promote the development of ceramic enterprise product structure to optimize and upgrade. .
Under the environment of power shortage, it is obviously not enough to rely solely on the efforts of ceramic companies to achieve energy-saving and power-saving effects. As an upstream industry in the ceramics industry, the ceramic machinery industry has made important contributions to the ceramic industry in terms of technological innovation, product quality improvement, and energy conservation and environmental protection. Ceramic machinery enterprises are constantly facing restrictions by reducing the power consumption through upgrading of mechanical equipment. The inevitable choice of electricity situation.
In view of the fact that the ceramic industry is highly energy-intensive, many ceramic machinery companies are also continuously striving to develop energy-saving and energy-saving equipment. In an interview with this reporter, Zhang Tonglin, a manager of R&D and a manager of Guangdong Zhongyao Kiln Co., Ltd., said that due to the impact of a large electricity shortage in southern China this year and the urgency of creating “two-type†companies, most ceramic companies have come The more inclined to choose energy-saving equipment to reduce energy consumption.
In the case of increasing energy-saving and energy-saving calls, Zhongyao has developed a super-energy-saving wide-body roller kiln. By continuously improving the structure of the roller kiln, the width of the kiln is increased so that the unit length can be increased. The dome structure reduces the airflow resistance in the kiln. The research and development of the super-energy-saving wide-body roller kiln was successful. Compared with the ordinary kiln, the comprehensive power consumption was reduced by 15% to 20%.
Not only that, in terms of energy-saving measures, Zhongyao also takes the lead in adopting all inverters to use inverter control technology. The operating voltage and current of the motor can be adjusted according to different loads, minimizing line losses and motor copper losses. Through the comparison of theoretical calculations and actual engineering data, the application of this technology has reduced the electricity consumption of the furnace by about 20%, and in particular, some of the fans have adopted sophisticated automatic control technology and the power consumption has been further reduced.
According to Zhang Tonglin, in order to further reduce the loss of the line, Zhongyao improved the fan control devices, such as adding cabinet air conditioners, and installed the equipment nearby. The line was greatly shortened, and the power consumption on the line was reduced by about 90%. The loss of electric energy on the line when a 110KW wind turbine is installed 300 meters a day is about 10 degrees, and about 3,600 degrees a year. A fan of a kiln is calculated according to the capacity of 600 KW, and the installation can save about 20,000 degrees in the nearest year. A dozen or dozens of production lines in a large ceramics factory can reduce the energy consumed in a one-year line by several hundred thousand yuan.
In addition, the reporter also learned that most of the fans used in ceramics plants are inductive loads, and the reactive power is relatively large. If no compensation device is used, the reactive power loss will account for 10% to 20% of the electricity tariff, and the grid will be unstable. With the application of reactive power compensation devices, manufacturers can also obtain greater benefits. Zhang Tonglin said that the general new ceramic companies are unaware of this problem. Once they realize the remarkable effect of its power saving and large-scale application in the ceramic industry, it will be of great significance for companies to reduce power consumption.
The electricity shortage has caused the high cost of ceramic enterprises. As a matter of fact, as early as July 26th, the ceramics enterprises in the Guangxi Tengxian Industrial Park received official notice from China Southern Power Grid, and from this day onwards, they began strict measures for limiting electricity. The serious shortage of electricity has been aggravated. When the China Southern Power Grid Company announced on August 31 that the entire network power gap was close to 15%, it is expected that the worst power shortages in the five southern provinces in five years will continue to increase, and Guangxi is the One of the five provinces.
When talking about the particularly serious problem of electric power shortage this year, the person in charge of a ceramics company in the Fujita Industrial Park was very anxious: “Since the electricity restriction was started, production capacity was greatly affected and the general production capacity was less than 50%.†Not only that, There are some production lines that were ignited in August and September. Since the power cuts cannot be put into operation as scheduled, there are some companies that originally planned to release new products at the Foshan Tao Fair this fall, and because of power cuts, they will have to delay the release of new products; On the one hand, due to the normal production of enterprises can not guarantee, in order to control costs, most ceramic companies retired the original recruitment of technical personnel and production workers, or spend money to support some of the core technical personnel, causing serious economic losses to the enterprise . The content is from the electricity shortage situation in the Taocheng network production area. East China South China is particularly serious in Guangxi in the past 20 years, the most serious one power shortage incident, not only caused to many ceramic companies incalculable losses, but also to the lives of local residents Bring a great deal of inconvenience, for a time has attracted wide attention from all walks of life. In fact, as early as April of this year, due to the plummeting water conservancy power generation and the high coal price of thermal power, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guizhou, Chongqing and other places were very nervous, and they appeared from many provinces in the east to the central and western regions. Continuous power load gap, among which, Zhejiang's power gap reached 2.71 million kilowatts, and Jiangxi, Chongqing, Hunan and Shaanxi reached 1.4 million, 1.21 million, 1.14 million, and 950,000 kilowatts, respectively, and there was a large area of ​​peak load shifting, peak-to-peak electricity usage, and restrictions. Electricity and so on.
Compared with previous years, this year's electricity shortage has taken a lot of time ahead of schedule, which has also caused the local power supply departments and companies to lack adequate preparation. When the large area of ​​electricity restriction is filled, many companies can get orders but can't start working. Businesses also seem helpless. In Yueyang, Hunan Province, the enterprises in the New Wall Building Materials Industrial Park have been in a state of semi-opening and half-sustaining since the beginning of the large-scale power restriction in early May. Even the local residents' electricity use is limited to four hours a day. In Gao'an, Jiangxi Province, It is ushered in the so-called “the most severe power shortage in historyâ€. According to the introduction of relevant personnel of the Jiangxi Provincial Electric Power Company, the tense situation in Jiangxi's power supply and utilization situation generally occurs during the annual summer or winter electricity peak times, but this year for the first time There was a phenomenon of power shortage in the “off seasonâ€, and the power gap at peak hours even reached 1.3 million kilowatts.
In addition to electricity shortages in places like Jiangxi and Hunan, electricity shortages of varying degrees have also been encountered in economically developed areas such as Guangdong and the southeast coast. In Qingyuan, Zhaoqing, Gaoyao, Foshan and other places, ceramic companies also encountered power cuts. The peak load of electricity in these regions has become the norm. Most companies have equipped their own power generation equipment to ensure production. Needs.
“Yueer bends according to Kyushu, and several families are happy.†In the ceramic production areas of East China and South China, they suffered from electricity shortages, which seriously affected the normal production of enterprises. At the same time, ceramic producing areas such as Jinjiang, Jiajiang, Zibo and Hebi were also Without the impact of electricity shortage, the company's production is normal. Taking Jiajiang as an example, Jiajiang ceramics industry accounts for 90% of the electricity consumption in Jiajiang County. As a pillar industry in Jiajiang, the Jiajiang Government will also give priority to satisfying the electricity needs of ceramic enterprises. In Jinjiang, Fujian, there has been no shortage of electricity in recent years. This is related to the fact that the Jinjiang government attaches great importance to power construction. The manufacturing industry in Jinjiang City is well developed, and the power consumption is increasing at a rate of 13% per year. The power sector has made reasonable power plans to ensure that the power supply and power consumption increase at the same time and meet the electricity demand of enterprises.
Since the beginning of autumn, the situation of power shortage has eased across the country. According to statistics from the National Bureau of Energy on September 15, statistics show that the nationwide electricity consumption in August increased by 9.1% year-on-year, which was further slowed down from 13% in June and 11.8% in July.
The major production areas in the country have gradually gotten rid of the power shortage problem in the recent period and have all been normal production. However, for some time to come, the power situation is still not optimistic, especially in the more developed regions of southern China and eastern China's coastal industries, industrial electricity consumption will remain difficult to avoid.
Multi-factors generate electricity shortage This winter, summer and summer or more power shortages In recent years, China's power supply form has become increasingly severe. This year has been particularly serious. There have been many power shortages ahead of schedule, and the “off-season†phenomenon of electricity shortage is also very common. The power gap is generally large. As a result, the use of electricity at peak load and power cuts frequently occurred, which seriously affected the economic development of our country and the order of life of residents.
The reason why there is such a large area of ​​electric power shortage in the country is that some industry experts pointed out that it is because of insufficient investment in electricity, rapid economic development that causes shortage of electricity, high coal prices, and low water storage and water supply. However, The most important thing is that the inflation that has intensified since the financial crisis eventually spread to the end of the last price of electricity, which is related to the national economy and people's livelihood.
With the continuous development of the economy, the demand for electricity has increased dramatically. It has been difficult to meet the demand for power generation. Taking Jiangxi as an example, from January to April of this year, Jiangxi's entire society used 26.213 billion kWh of electricity, an increase of 23.08% year-on-year, which ranks third in the nation's growth rate; during the same period, the total electricity generated by the grid reached 23.415 billion kWh, a year-on-year increase of 32.48. %. The demand for electricity showed an extraordinary trend and exceeded expectations. Under the circumstances of significant increase in electricity consumption, the power grid was facing difficulties such as lack of coal and water, insufficient available capacity of thermal power generators, and continued power shortages.
Second, over the years, China’s coal prices have long been market-oriented, and electricity prices have been administrative. With the rise in the price of coal, the price of electricity is still in place. As a result, many thermal power companies have fallen into the “more production, more losses†cycle. After the unbearable increase in costs, they started to “repair equipmentâ€. Various reasons and excuse to stop production. The electric power shortage in Shanxi Province this summer is the best example. As a coal-producing province in China, the power generation capacity affected by the “unplanned outage†and obstruction of output of thermal power units exceeded 14 million kilowatts this summer, resulting in the entire Shanxi Province. The power gap exceeds 2 million kilowatts.
In addition, since late April, the temperature has risen significantly, the weather is dry, and the amount of rainfall is small, resulting in a decrease in river water storage capacity and a serious shortage of hydroelectric power generation. Under the influence of many factors, many industry experts and experts predict that the situation of power shortage in China will exist for a long time. The State Grid recently predicted that the maximum electricity load this winter will increase by 10% year-on-year. In the case of tight supply of coal, China will still have a large power gap, among which are North China, East China and Central China, as well as the provincial power grids of Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, Henan, Hunan, Jiangxi and Chongqing. Electricity supply and demand will remain tight.
China Southern Power Grid expects that the electricity gap in the five southern provinces will be around 14 million in the current winter, and the power gap will reach 10 to 15 million kilowatts in the first half of next year.
A number of measures to deal with electricity shortages Macro-control measures Relieve stress In the face of the most serious “electricity shortage†in recent years, production-oriented companies are suffering from power shortages, especially in the ceramic industry, due to the specific nature of their production, ceramic production requirements. Because of its high continuity and stability, most ceramic companies start the kiln firing from the beginning of the year, and it is always in production until the end of the year. The loss of electricity for ceramic companies will be very large.
For most companies, the fact of power shortage can not be changed, and it will not be fully resolved in the short term. How to deal with the power shortage is a practical problem that ceramic companies must face. After all, only some production areas are affected by the electric power shortage, and a considerable number of production areas are not affected by this. Some production areas that are affected by power curtailment will inevitably reduce the sales radius due to the decline in production capacity and weaken competition in products. force.
According to a survey by the reporter, after April of this year, in ceramic production areas such as Jiangxi and Hunan, large-scale suspension of production of ceramics companies due to power restrictions has caused many companies to have a single connection. In order to reduce the impact of power curtailment, many companies have had to purchase diesel generator sets themselves, which has led to the emergence of “a machine hard to achieve†in diesel generators in some regions. Diesel generators "fired", and prices have also risen, rising by almost a hundred dollars or even a thousand dollars. According to a staff member of a Power Equipment Co., Ltd., during the worst period of power shortage, a 30-kilowatt diesel generator was sold at a price of about RMB 18,000 per unit, and the delivery price was RMB 20,000 per unit, which was more expensive than before. A few hundred dollars.
Although some companies can buy generators, the high costs also make it unbearable. On October 15, CCTV Economic Channel’s “China Financial Report†reported that the ceramic industry encountered a shortage of electricity. A person in charge of a Foshan ceramics company stated that the price of electricity per kWh was 0.65 yuan and the cost of using diesel power was The degree is 1.3 yuan. From April 21st to July 14th, in a short period of two and a half months, the company consumed 386,600 kWh of electricity, and diesel consumption reached 83.57 degrees. In fact, an additional expenditure of 470,000 yuan was used.
In this “defending war†of power, companies want to solve their power problems through their own capabilities, which can be described as difficult to add. The most important thing is to rely on the country’s macro-control policies to ease the power shortage caused by the power shortage. pressure. According to CEC data, in the first quarter of this year, the total electricity consumption of the four key industries of chemicals, building materials, iron and steel smelting and non-ferrous metal smelting totaled 351.2 billion kWh, accounting for 32.2% of the total electricity consumption in the society. From this perspective, the growth in demand for electricity, led by high-energy-consuming industries, is undoubtedly one of the important reasons for this power shortage. Therefore, the "Regular Power Management Measures" issued by the National Development and Reform Commission earlier in the day clearly stipulated that, in principle, restrictions will be imposed on non-compliance of projects built or under construction; those that are eliminated or restricted in the directory of industrial structure adjustments; Enterprises with local mandatory energy consumption quota standards; landscape lighting, lighting engineering and other high-energy-consuming, high-emission enterprises and other five types of enterprises use electricity.
As a result, the power grid unit will, under the circumstances of insufficient power supply and emergencies, adopt administrative measures, economic measures, and technical methods to control part of the electricity demand in accordance with the law and achieve the purpose of limiting the high-energy-consuming industries so as to maintain the supply and demand. Stable power management. At the same time, the country is also currently strengthening the transmission of surplus power to areas with power shortages. For example, as of May of this year, Fujian Province has already delivered 2.345 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity to the East China Power Grid, an increase of 66.96% over the same period of last year, which is more than half of the total transport volume of the previous year, in order to ease the current situation of power shortage in East China.
At the same time, since May of this year, the price of industrial electricity in some regions has risen by about two cents per degree, but the civilian electricity price has not changed. Recently, spokesperson Tan Rongji of the State Electricity Regulatory Commission also stated that the electricity situation in the country is tense this winter and next spring. The maximum power shortage is about 26 million kilowatts, and the electricity consumption in the southern and central China regions, which lack both coal and water, is the most severe. In view of the current predicament, Tan Rongji believes that the most critical thing is to promote the reform of electricity prices, and to use the economic leverage of electricity prices, increase the on-grid tariff of coal-fired power plants in some provinces, and improve the peak-to-hour electricity price of electricity.
Promoting the upgrading of industrial structure equipment Saving energy and saving electricity For ceramic companies that consume large amounts of electricity, this year's power shortage is fatal for the development of the company. According to a person in charge of a ceramics company in Foshan, the high-voltage power supply of 250A in the past was limited to 60-80A during the summer power-conservation period. This voltage is only sufficient for the furnace insulation. Therefore, high energy-consuming equipment such as ball mills and polishing machines in the workshop were stopped, but the presses, kilns and other equipment did not dare to stop, and stopping the furnace would have great losses. It is understood that in the most serious period of power shortage, there have been incidents of power cuts, many of the products in the enterprise's kilns have been scrapped, and the highest direct losses have reached several hundred thousand yuan.
Mr. Tang Yonghua, director of polishing workshop of Sanshui production base of Foshan Oushenuo Ceramics Co., Ltd., has more than ten years of professional history in the industry and has accumulated rich production experience. He had calculated the electricity consumption account of a ceramic production line for the reporter. He said that the largest power consumption in the production line was a raw material ball mill, which consumed 35.7 kWh/ton; followed by a polishing machine, which used electricity. The unit consumption is 1.4kwh/square; the electricity consumption of the furnace also reaches 0.69kwh/square, the unit power consumption of the press is 0.46kwh/square, the nanometer anti-pollution line is about 0.2kwh/square, others such as lighting, packaging, etc. The power consumption is relatively small.
Faced with the contradiction between the pressure of power curtailment and the large power demand of ceramic production lines, enterprises themselves have reduced electricity use by strengthening electricity-saving measures. This is an extremely important period. Tang Yonghua stated that during the time of power cuts, the European Shenano mainly relied on improving efficiency to achieve the purpose of reducing energy consumption. In the polishing workshop under his jurisdiction, he replaced the blower with a suction wand to save power. He explained that the average power consumption of a fan is 5.5kw, and four fans are needed on a kiln. If a fan is used, the power consumption of a kiln is increased by 22kw, and the suction wand does not use electricity. This saves energy. A lot of electricity. In addition, the residual heat of the kiln is supplied to the drying kiln for reuse, which is also an energy-saving measure.
Some experts believe that with the continuous increase in the "electricity shortage", the country is likely to increase the price of power grids in the future to increase the production costs of high-energy-consuming industries. As a result, those with high power consumption and low added value will be polished. Brick products will face even greater challenges, while antique bricks, microcrystalline stones and other products with relatively high energy consumption and high added value will have more competitive advantages, and will promote the development of ceramic enterprise product structure to optimize and upgrade. .
Under the environment of power shortage, it is obviously not enough to rely solely on the efforts of ceramic companies to achieve energy-saving and power-saving effects. As an upstream industry in the ceramics industry, the ceramic machinery industry has made important contributions to the ceramic industry in terms of technological innovation, product quality improvement, and energy conservation and environmental protection. Ceramic machinery enterprises are constantly facing restrictions by reducing the power consumption through upgrading of mechanical equipment. The inevitable choice of electricity situation.
In view of the fact that the ceramic industry is highly energy-intensive, many ceramic machinery companies are also continuously striving to develop energy-saving and energy-saving equipment. In an interview with this reporter, Zhang Tonglin, a manager of R&D and a manager of Guangdong Zhongyao Kiln Co., Ltd., said that due to the impact of a large electricity shortage in southern China this year and the urgency of creating “two-type†companies, most ceramic companies have come The more inclined to choose energy-saving equipment to reduce energy consumption.
In the case of increasing energy-saving and energy-saving calls, Zhongyao has developed a super-energy-saving wide-body roller kiln. By continuously improving the structure of the roller kiln, the width of the kiln is increased so that the unit length can be increased. The dome structure reduces the airflow resistance in the kiln. The research and development of the super-energy-saving wide-body roller kiln was successful. Compared with the ordinary kiln, the comprehensive power consumption was reduced by 15% to 20%.
Not only that, in terms of energy-saving measures, Zhongyao also takes the lead in adopting all inverters to use inverter control technology. The operating voltage and current of the motor can be adjusted according to different loads, minimizing line losses and motor copper losses. Through the comparison of theoretical calculations and actual engineering data, the application of this technology has reduced the electricity consumption of the furnace by about 20%, and in particular, some of the fans have adopted sophisticated automatic control technology and the power consumption has been further reduced.
According to Zhang Tonglin, in order to further reduce the loss of the line, Zhongyao improved the fan control devices, such as adding cabinet air conditioners, and installed the equipment nearby. The line was greatly shortened, and the power consumption on the line was reduced by about 90%. The loss of electric energy on the line when a 110KW wind turbine is installed 300 meters a day is about 10 degrees, and about 3,600 degrees a year. A fan of a kiln is calculated according to the capacity of 600 KW, and the installation can save about 20,000 degrees in the nearest year. A dozen or dozens of production lines in a large ceramics factory can reduce the energy consumed in a one-year line by several hundred thousand yuan.
In addition, the reporter also learned that most of the fans used in ceramics plants are inductive loads, and the reactive power is relatively large. If no compensation device is used, the reactive power loss will account for 10% to 20% of the electricity tariff, and the grid will be unstable. With the application of reactive power compensation devices, manufacturers can also obtain greater benefits. Zhang Tonglin said that the general new ceramic companies are unaware of this problem. Once they realize the remarkable effect of its power saving and large-scale application in the ceramic industry, it will be of great significance for companies to reduce power consumption.
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