Rational use of plant protein feed
Beef cattle vegetable protein feed is mainly cake feed, mainly including bean cake (粕), peanut cake (粕), cotton cake (粕), rape cake (粕) and so on. Bean cake (粕) is rich in protein and high-quality amino acids, and its crude protein (CP) content is 42% to 47%. Raw soy cakes (粕) contain anti-nutritional factors. Peanut cake can be used in large quantities for beef cattle breeding. For contaminated peanut cake, it must be processed (such as baking, soaking, etc.) before it can be applied. Because of the presence of toxic substances and the low biological value of protein, cottonseed cake can be used as the main protein supplement feed for beef cattle fattening.
Non-protein nitrogen feeds are used as protein supplements. Non-protein nitrogen (NPN) refers to non-protein nitrogen-containing substances. At present, more than 20 kinds of NPN have been tested for the feeding value of ruminants. The effect is better. Biuret. When using urea, it is necessary to control and slow down the rate of release of ammonia in the rumen. The control methods are:
1. According to the ratio of 75% cornmeal + 24% urea + 1% salt and alleviating agent, it is processed into gelatinized starch urea, which slows the release of ammonia in the rumen and improves the efficiency of microbial utilization of ammonia to synthesize bacteria.
2. Mix with the grain concentrate and feed it in the diet no more than 1%.
3. Avoid mixing with feeds containing high urease such as bean cake (粕).
4. Urea can be processed into other new products, such as biuret, isobutyl diurea, fatty acid urea, etc., to slow the release rate of ammonia. Biuret is a condensation product formed by the heating of urea. It is more difficult to dissolve in water than urea. The rate of decomposition of ammonia in the rumen is slower than that of urea, and the effect is obvious, but the price is high.
Applied Rumen Protein Technology
The rumen-protein technology is to protect the protein in the feed by technical treatment, to avoid protein degradation in the rumen, and to directly enter the small intestine for absorption and utilization, the following methods can be used:
Blood-coated blood meal has a low rate of protein decomposition in the rumen and is a good coating material. For example, if the soybean meal can be coated with 30% blood, steaming and drying, the degradation rate of dry matter and crude protein in the rumen can be greatly reduced.
Tannin protection method In the rumen, tannins can form complexes with feed proteins, protect proteins from microbial degradation, are unstable in their stomach, and their proteins can be decomposed. Treatment of feed with tannin can increase the quality of ruminal protein.
The physical protection method processes the protein feed into granules or into a cake, which allows the feed protein to pass through the rumen faster.
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