The white ear is often found in the heading stage of wheat, and the causes include meteorological factors, diseases and underground pests. Early prevention should be paid attention to.
1 Meteorological factors
Too low temperature causes wheat to be frozen, which is one of the main causes of white hair. The low temperature tolerance of wheat during the jointing stage is low. The temperature below 0 °C or the long-term low temperature will cause the wheat young ears to freeze or die, and the upper part of the wheat will be incompletely developed, which will lead to no heading or whitening ears in the later stage. Too high a temperature will also cause the wheat plants to evaporate a large amount of water, resulting in an imbalance of water in the body, and the wheat is ripened in advance to form a white ear.
Preventive measures: Select the varieties with strong cold resistance to sow seeds in a timely manner. Spring varieties can not be planted too early, and late sowing can enhance their cold resistance; rational fertilization, improved seeding quality, and enhanced water management can enhance the cold tolerance of wheat seedlings; Spraying 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other foliar fertilizers in the middle and late stages of wheat growth can enhance the plant's resistance to stress. Remediation after the occurrence of freezing damage.
2 diseases
Sheath blight, scab and total eclipse can cause whitening ears in wheat. The sheath blight mainly causes damage to the leaf sheath and stem of the wheat base. After the spring temperature rises, it is the peak period of the disease. In severe cases, the pathogen infects the stem and destroys the transported tissue, resulting in the white ear. Scab is mainly harmful to wheat ears. When the weather is wet, the pink mold layer is formed at the joint of the wheat spikes or at the base of the spikelets. When the climate is dry, the disease is inhibited and the ears of wheat form white spikes. The total erosion mainly affects the roots and stem bases. The seedlings are lightly grown with short stature, yellowish leaves, and the bases of the primary roots and stems turn grayish black. When the roots turn black, the roots turn black, causing slow greening, slow growth, and maturity. The symptoms are particularly obvious, the base of the stem of the diseased plant is seriously rotted, and the diseased plant is white and dry.
Precautionary measures: select varieties with better disease resistance, seed dressing with fungicides, and seed dressings with heavier total disease in the whole year can be mixed with silicillin; seeding at appropriate time to achieve reasonable close planting and balanced fertilization; In the process of wheat greening and jointing, spraying diniconazole, tebuconazole and other fungicides to control diseases such as sheath blight, spraying again at intervals of about 7 days; during the heading to flowering of wheat, attention should be paid to the prevention of scab, in case of continuous rainy weather. Spray in advance or in the rain.
3 underground pests
Golden worms and mites are the main underground pests that cause the white ears of wheat. In the spring wheat, the ground temperature gradually increased during the jointing stage, and the underground pests began to rise to the roots and underground stems, causing erosion damage, resulting in empty stems and root rots, and the formation of white ears after heading. The cockroaches also bite off the roots of the seedlings, causing the seedlings to die. Plants that are exposed to underground pests are often easily removed.
Precautionary measures: When using phoxim to mix soil before planting, if there is underground pest damage in the growing season, phoxim can be used to spray the base of wheat stem or mix with poisonous soil.
4 phytotoxicity
The white ear of wheat caused by phytotoxicity mainly occurs in the ground, and there are small low white ears. The roots and stem base of the plant tend to grow normally, just because the farmers are used to dispensing medicine on the ground, and the liquid has not been shaken or leaked. Caused by excessive local drug concentration or re-injection of liquid medicine. Should pay attention to uniform application, no heavy spray, no leakage.
More pesticide policies , please pay attention to China Pesticide Network
(Source: Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology News)
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