Abstract With the release of iPhone6, the online attention to sapphire has reached an unprecedented height. The sapphire Screen that was originally only used on luxury mobile phones may gradually become popular in smartphones with the release of iPhone6.
With the release of the iPhone 6, the online attention to sapphire has reached an unprecedented height. The sapphire screen that would only be used on luxury mobile phones may gradually become popular in smartphones with the release of the iPhone 6. For the entire industry chain, this may be a change. For the average consumer, you may be more The concern is what changes sapphire will bring to your phone. Note that the sapphire currently mentioned in the industry is synthetic, not natural sapphire. The price of natural sapphire is too expensive, and the color/light transmission is uneven. There is no way to make the off-screen cover. Even for high-end watches, the sapphire on the dial is synthetic.
At present, mobile phones that can see sapphire screens on the market include Motorola's luxury mobile phone AURA, Vertu Ti with a price of more than 60,000, and the recently released Kyocera three-proof mobile phone Brigadier, plus the already rumored iPhone 6 And the new vivo machine with a nail on the board, the phone with a sapphire screen is actually very few.
I asked a few friends who liked mobile phones. Their impressions of sapphire all stayed at the level of "harder than glass, wearable". This is true, just search the various "encyclopedias" on the Internet, they will tell you that the sapphire has a Mohs hardness of 9, which is the hardest material except diamond (diamond).
The Corning Gorilla three-generation glass, which is widely recognized and used by mobile phone manufacturers, is mainly composed of silicon dioxide (SiO2). The hardness of the glass in the Mohs hardness table is 6.5, even though Corning repeatedly emphasizes their third generation gorilla glass. The hardness is much better than the average calcium soda glass, but it is not realistic to expect it to exceed 7.
Therefore, sapphire is a natural matter compared to the high hardness of the glass. When the gorilla glass encounters a material with a Mohs hardness higher than 7 (such as silica with a Mohs hardness of 7 or the sand we usually say), the screen is rubbed. At the time, the length of time is bound to leave traces. This also explains why many people's mobile phone screens leave a slight scratch after long-term use.
However, instead of glass, it is a new material for the screen cover of mobile phones. Sapphire obviously cannot rely on hardness to win. There are still many problems that need to be solved by sapphire.
The first is toughness, which is very important for a mobile phone. I asked the domestic supplier of sapphire products “Tiantongâ€, which is currently providing a sapphire screen to a mobile phone that has not yet been released by Sky. An employee who does not want to be named, said that they are currently the biggest. The problem is that the sapphire screen has low toughness.
The toughness of sapphire is worse than that of Corning's gorilla glass. The result is that when the phone using the sapphire screen and the phone using Corning Gorilla Glass are simultaneously impacted or squeezed by the same force, the possibility of the former is broken. Bigger.
Hardness and toughness are two concepts. Harder things don't necessarily have good toughness, or in other words, sapphire screens are more "brittle" than glass. To give a very easy-to-understand example: Plastic is a very poor hardness material, but it is particularly resistant to falling, which means its toughness is excellent.
So Apple's investment in GT Advanced gives a solution, they will make the sapphire material thin, the current three generations of gorilla glass thickness is generally 0.7 mm, while the sapphire screen made by GT Advanced is thinner than it, while on the sapphire A layer of glass is applied to form a mixed panel. This is a bit like a film, which takes into account the hardness of the sapphire while giving the toughness of the glass.
This approach seems to be very funny, but it is a helpless move, but also reflects the shortcomings of the sapphire screen currently in terms of toughness is the main reason to prevent it from replacing glass.
The second problem on the technical side is the light transmittance. The wavelength of visible light is between 400 and 700 nanometers. The data given by Corning officially show that the transmission rate of gorilla three generations of glass exceeds 92%, and the transmittance of visible light of different wavelengths is quite stable. The sapphire has a transmittance of less than 90% for visible light, and the transmittance of visible light of different wavelengths has an arc-shaped curve.
This poses a problem. Low transmission means that the screen brightness is lower when using sapphire as the screen cover of the mobile phone, and the imbalance of transmittance will make the screen color cast.
The third issue comes from cost. Many people are saying that the cost of sapphire is higher than the cost of Corning glass, but how much higher? According to an industry insider, the sapphire screen was complicated by the manufacturing process, the yield was low, and the cost was almost 10-12 times that of glass. In the past year, with the improvement of sapphire technology, the gap is gradually narrowing, but currently Also 7-8 times.
If the cost of a Corning glass is calculated at $3-4, the use of sapphire will increase the cost of the phone by $20-25, and these costs will be passed on to consumers.
You may have questions about why sapphire has so many problems, but are there still manufacturers that see it as a substitute for future glass?
Indeed, for now, sapphire is not a perfect substitute for glass. But in the last two or three years, the cost of sapphire has shown a considerable decline. At the same time, the production process is more mature, and the sapphire screen has reached certain requirements in mass production. It is not as rumored that “the yield is extremely low and it is difficult to mass-produceâ€.
At the same time, some of the sapphire technology companies are working in a fitting way. Currently it is glass. In the future, it may fit better materials, so that the sapphire screen retains its original hardness while improving its light transmittance and toughness. .
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