The main function of engineering plastics for automobiles is to make cars lighter and lighter, so as to achieve high fuel economy. In developed countries, the amount of plastics used in automobiles is an important indicator for measuring the level of automobile design and manufacturing. The world's largest single amount of automotive plastics is in Germany, and plastics account for 15% of the total materials. In recent years, China's automobile industry has developed rapidly. At present, the annual output of automobiles exceeds 4 million. According to the forecast of foreign plastics consumption, the annual use of modified plastics in the automotive industry is over 500,000 tons, of which engineering plastics account for a large proportion, five engineering plastics. Performance characteristics vary, and their use in automobiles is also biased.
1. Nylon nylon is mainly used in automobile engines and engine peripheral components. The main varieties are GFPa6, GFPa66, and reinforced flame retardant Pa6. (1) Application on the peripheral components of automobile engines Since the peripheral components of the engine are mainly heat-generating and vibrating components, most of the materials used for the components are glass-reinforced nylon. This is because nylon has a good overall performance. The main properties of nylon modified with glass fiber are greatly improved, such as strength, product precision and dimensional stability. In addition, nylon has many varieties, is easy to recycle and recycle, and the price is relatively cheap. These factors make nylon an ideal choice for engine peripheral components. Intake manifold is the most typical application of modified nylon in automobiles. In 1990, BMW Motors of Germany first applied the intake manifold made of glass fiber reinforced nylon as a six-cylinder engine; later, Ford and DuPont The company cooperated and applied the intake manifold made of glass fiber reinforced Pa66 to the V6 engine. After the world's major automobile companies followed suit, the modified nylon intake manifold was widely used. (2) Application on automotive engine components. Modified parts such as engine cover, engine cover and cylinder head cover are generally made of modified nylon. Compared with metal materials, the cylinder head cover is reduced in weight by 50% and the cost is reduced by 30%. In addition to engine components, reinforced nylons, such as oil filters, wipers, radiator grills, etc., can also be used for other force components of the car.
2. Polyester In the field of automobile manufacturing, PBT is widely used in the production of bumpers, carburetor components, fenders, spoilers, spark plug terminal plates, fuel supply system parts, instrument panels, car igniters, accelerators and clutches. Parts such as pedals. The competition between PBT and enhanced Pa, PC and POM in the automobile manufacturing industry is fierce. Pa is easy to absorb water, and the heat resistance of PC is inferior to PBT. In terms of automobile use, PBT has better water absorption resistance than Pa. Will gradually replace Pa,. In the case of relatively high relative humidity and very humid, the plasticity is likely to be lowered due to moisture, and corrosion is easily caused at the electrical node, and the modified PBT can often be used. At 80 ° C, 90% relative humidity, PBT can still be used normally, and the effect is very good.
GE's PBT/PC alloy, trade name Xenoy1731, is the most widely used in premium cars; it has good heat resistance, stress crack resistance, excellent wear resistance, chemical resistance, high low temperature impact strength, and easy processing. And good finish, mainly used in high-end car bumpers, car floor, panels and motorcycle guards.
Third, the POM automotive industry is the largest potential market for POM. POM is light in weight, easy to process and form, low in production cost, and similar in material properties to metals. Modified POM has low wear resistance and strong rigidity; it is very suitable for manufacturing automotive pumps, carburetor components, oil pipelines, power valves, 10,000 upper bearings, motor gears, cranks, handles, instrument panels, and automotive window lifts. , electric switch, seat belt buckle, etc. The manufacture of wear parts such as bushings, gears and sliders is the strength of the modified POM. These parts have low metal wear, reduce the amount of lubricating oil and enhance the service life of the parts. Therefore, it can widely replace copper, zinc and other metal production bearings. , gears, levers, etc. POM's automotive parts are lighter in weight, low in noise, and easy to form and assemble, making them more and more widely used in the automotive industry.
4. Polycarbonate modified PC is mainly used for exterior parts and interior parts in automobiles due to its high mechanical properties and good appearance. The most widely used are PC/aBS alloy and PC/PBT alloy.
(1) Automotive interior parts PC/aBS alloy is the most suitable material for automotive interior parts. This is because the PC/aBS alloy has excellent heat resistance, impact resistance and rigidity, and good processing fluidity. It is also an ideal material for the manufacture of automotive dashboards. The heat distortion temperature of PC/aBS alloy is 110 °C ~ 135 °C, which can fully meet the heating requirements of cars parked outdoors in the hot summer of tropical countries. PC/aBS alloy has good coating properties and adhesion to the cover film, so the instrument panel made of PC/aBS alloy can be directly sprayed with a soft top coat or a PVC film without surface pretreatment.
PC/aBS alloys are also used to make automotive parts such as automotive dashboard components, antifreeze panels, door handles, sloping panels, brackets, steering column jackets, trim panels, and air conditioning system accessories.
(2) Automotive exterior parts PC/PBT alloy and PC/PET alloy not only have high heat resistance and high impact of PC, but also have chemical resistance, wear resistance and molding processability of PBT and PET, so they are manufactured. The ideal material for automotive exterior parts. PC/PBT car bumpers can withstand low temperature impacts below -30 °C. When the bumper breaks, it is ductile fracture without debris. Elastomer toughened PC/PBT alloy and PC/PET alloy are more suitable for making automobile body panels, automobile side guards, fenders, car door frames and so on. Injection molded exterior parts of high heat resistant PC/PBT alloys and PC/PET alloys can be left unpainted. PC/PET alloys can be used to make car vents and license plates.
PC/aBS alloys can also be used to make automotive exterior parts such as automotive wheel covers, mirror housings, and taillight covers. PC/aBS has good formability and can process large parts of automobiles, such as car fenders.
5. Polyphenylene ether modified PPO is mainly used in automobiles for parts with high requirements on heat resistance, flame retardancy, electrical properties, impact properties, dimensional stability and mechanical strength. For example, PPO/PS alloy is suitable for the manufacture of automobile wheel cover, front lamp glass slot, tail light shell and other parts when it is suitable for moisture, load and high electrical insulation and good dimensional stability. It is also suitable for manufacturing connection box and fuse. Automotive electrical components such as boxes and circuit breakers.
PPO/Pa alloy has excellent mechanical properties, dimensional stability, oil resistance, electrical insulation and impact resistance. Can be used to make automotive exterior parts such as large baffles, cushions, rear spoilers, etc. The future application direction of PPO/Pa alloy when the hood with high glass transition temperature is required.
PPO/PBT alloys have high heat distortion temperature and low moisture sensitivity, making them ideal materials for the manufacture of automotive exterior panels.
The development direction of the automotive industry is high-grade, miniaturization, light weight and diversification. The research on plastic-based steel in automotive applications has also become very active. At present, domestic automotive plastics account for 7% of the total materials, and Germany's proportion is 15%. We need to increase research and development to achieve the design of the parts structure, the choice of plastic materials and the simultaneous development of the industry.
Flexible Led Display ,Outdoor Led Display Screen ,Led Scrolling Display ,Rental Led Display
Shenzhen Wide Way Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. , https://www.wdmtrafficlight.com