The research team at Harvard University in the United States has developed an artificial bionic leaf that is said to “eat†carbon dioxide into bioethanol, which is 10 times more efficient than natural photosynthesis. If it is promoted, it will alleviate the problem of global warming and energy shortage to some extent. Whether it is a leaf, a small grass, or a single algae cell, it can convert water and carbon dioxide into organic matter and release oxygen in the sun through photosynthesis. Today, with the latest technology, scientists have not only artificially reproduced this process, but have also surpassed the efficiency of natural blades.
Harvard University chemist Daniel Nocera and his team, together with the team of biologist Pamela Silver at Harvard Medical School, created a magical "live battery." This type of what they call bionic leaf devices can harness the power provided by solar panels to break down water into hydrogen and oxygen. Microorganisms in the system feed on hydrogen and convert carbon dioxide in the air into biofuels.
It is reported that the team created the first artificial photosynthesis equipment in 2015, which can produce 216 mg of ethanol with 1 litre of water. However, the nickel-molybdenum-zinc catalysts used in this system may have some side effects that may cause poisoning of microorganisms participating in the reaction after participating in the chemical reaction, thereby affecting the follow-up process. Therefore, they are always looking for better catalysts.
Researchers recently described in a paper published in the journal Science a cobalt-phosphorus alloy that has been used as a corrosion protection coating for plastics and metal parts processing. With this new type of catalyst, researchers have improved and upgraded the bionic leaf, increasing the efficiency of ethanol production by more than 10%. It is said that the electrical energy per kilowatt-hour allows the upgraded version of the bionic leaf to digest 130 grams of carbon dioxide and produce 60 grams of isopropanol fuel. This conversion efficiency is about 10 times more than photosynthesis in nature.
Nocera said that by consuming the carbon dioxide in the air to produce fuel, the new bioreactor technology will not only help alleviate the global warming issue, but also produce cleaner energy and solve the energy shortage issue. It is one stone and two birds. In order to facilitate commercialization, they will further optimize the technology.
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